WAUGH SYNDROME: AN INTERESTING CLUSTER OF PRESENTATIONS AT A TERTIARY INSTITUTION

Eliyah Aaron Sischy [1], Matlhatse Phuti Maluleke [1], Nooreen Amod [2], Alireza Dehghan-

Dehnavi [2], Elliot Motloung [1]

[1] Department of Pediatric Surgery, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sefako

Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa Zone 1, Gauteng, South Africa,

0208

[2] Department of Diagnostic Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sefako

Makgatho Health Sciences University, Gauteng, South Africa

Abstract

Introduction: Waugh Syndrome is a rare pediatric condition characterized by the synchronous occurrence of intussusception and intestinal malrotation. Both conditions are known causes of intestinal obstruction in children, but their coexistence poses a unique diagnostic and surgical challenge. The underlying pathophysiology is thought to involve abnormal fixation of the mesentery and defective intestinal rotation during embryogenesis, predisposing patients to intussusception. This study aims to describe the clinical presentation,

diagnostic approach, surgical management, and outcomes of three pediatric patients diagnosed with Waugh Syndrome at our institution. Our objectives include identifying key diagnostic features, assessing the

efficacy of surgical interventions, and contributing to the limited literature on this rare condition.

Method: We conducted a retrospective case series review of three patients diagnosed and treated for Waugh Syndrome between July andNovember 2024. Clinical presentation, laboratory findings, imaging results, surgical intervention details, and postoperative outcomes were analyzed.

Results: All three patients presented with symptoms of intestinal obstruction, including bilious vomiting, abdominal distension, and bloody stools. Diagnostic imaging revealed features of intussusception and malrotation. Surgical intervention involved laparotomy with manual reduction of intussusception and Ladd’s procedure. Two patients required intensive care postoperatively, while one was managed in the surgical ward. All patients recovered well and were discharged with outpatient follow-up.

Conclusion: Waugh Syndrome remains a potentially underdiagnosed entity that should be considered in pediatric patients with intussusception. Early recognition and surgical management are crucial to improving outcomes, and further studies are needed to enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment strategies.